Amphibian cargo carrier



Dec. 14, 194s. B, A SWENNES y 2,456,542

AMPHIBIAN CARGO CARRIER 3 Sheets-Sheet l Filed Oct.' 30, 1943 Dev; 14, 194s. B, A, SWENNES 2,456,542

P .MPHIBIAN CARGO4 CARRIER Filed Oct. 50, 1945 3 Sheets-Sheet 5 Patented Dec. 14, 1948 U Nl T ED SETA S? F CE`r AMrHInmNfCARGofCARRIERL BenjaminA. Swennes,.rRockfford,I1lL, assignor; by mesne assignments; to United Staitfes'ofAmei-'ica' as representedby' the Secretary ofthe-Navy Application october 3o, 194s,-.seris1fN0-. 5os3o4 (orilla-a1);

My invention relates to. motorA drivenvehicles..

and more particularly. to amphibian-cargo earriers: ofv the -type propelledfover land `and .through` the water by mean-s of .movabletracks on the ex...

terior of the carrier.

Amphibian cargo carriers having; propelling tracks onfthe exterior have heretofore been used.

These carriers were. each powered-by a singleA engine positioned centrally with respect to theA shaft extending from the rear tothe front of 'thev vehicle. The Vehicleprovided a 4cargocarrying surface and a spacefor cargo between the sides of the vehicle and in front of the -motor extending towardthe, irontendof the-vehicle, andthe power shaft extended through Ia -tunnel-r forming portionl extending upwardly. fromthe cargo carryingY surface; A-trackedy vehicle of. thistype,y when more heavilydoaded onone side'thanithe other, tends to veer tothe-more heavily,l loaded side; and,` as is,Iapparent;.thev vehicle withsuch an kunbalanced loadingis` quite .difcult to steer. The presence othisl tunnel Irendered *itv quite-difficultv to loadthe vehicleevenly, sincea single piece of cargorcouldnecessarily be placedonly on one side or the other ofthe tunnel.

It is an object or my inventionto.,'providean improved tracked amphibian cargo, carri'erwhich provides a substantially flat cargo carryingsuriace and a substantially unobstructedlcargo space eX- tending'frorn ones-ide oithe vehicleto the-other; whereby the vehicle may' carry a single piece' of cargo without disturbingthe steering qualities of the vehicle. To this end; it is an object'of my in'- ventionto provide a vehicle of; this-type; having two driving engines'which are'disposed adjacent opposite sides'of the vehicle and-g are connected with the propelling'tracksof-the vehicle byfmeans of a pair ofdrive-shafts extendingsubstantially parallel and adjacentopposite sides of: the Ve hicle. It is contemplated that such a flat cargo surface andl unobstructed cargo space mayv be provided ybetween the'enginesand drive'shafts whereby the cargo may be distributed in the vehicle as desired without regard'to any obstruction in the cargofspacef Inf the priorV amphibian` cargogcarriers described above. havingy a drivingimotor disposed adjacent the .rear'of the vehicle andcentrally with respect to the .sides ofV the vehicle, cargo .was loadedy and unloaded by liftingA it -overthe` sides1 of, then vek hicleiasfby meansofderrickssor winches.-`4 Itis cargo over.` the sides of.. the-vehicle, and to.this

end, it. isLanwobjectl. to vprovide a gate hingedlyv mounted-on an endof the vehicleifor providing access to thecargo'. space. in the vehicle between the motors. It is also an objectto pivotallyv` mount thisgate substantially on a horizontal axis .whereby the gate may serve as a ramp to facilitate movingfthecargo Ainand out of the vehicle, and it, is alsola'n object. tolmake this gate water-tight with respect to the rest'of the vehicleswhenthe gate is closed.

Prior amphibianvehides havev been provided with transmissions operativelyv disposed betweenV thadrivinglmotor. and the. propelling tracks of` the vehicle,v and these transmissions were .shiftedl manually. by the operator, a-ccordingto the power and speed which he wished. thepropelling tracks to have. It was foundquite diiicult, however, for the operator. to properly shift the transmission when' 'their vehicle after running through open watersuddnly, grounded. Inl such cases, if great carer were not take,- the motorof the vehicle very likely .stalled due to thel increased resistance to movementv of the tracks'. It is thus another' object of'my invention to provide,` in anamphibian trackedfvehi'cle, a transmission Awhich isv easily shiftdf'when the resistance to movement'of the propelling tracks suddenly changes, and tov this endk it Lis Aan object to provide vin such a vehiclea transmission which isshiited underthe control-of the accelerator for the.dri'ving engine of theyehi'cle. It 'is also an object 'to' provide such a transmission inanamphibian vehicle which shifts' automatically' in response tothe changes of speed' of thetracks on thevvehicle, and more particularly it is an object to provide Nsuch a transmission which is' shiftable both" in responseY to"m'ovcment ofv the accelerator orthe' driving engine of the vehicle and `also in" response to changes of, speed of the propelling tracks."

Amphibian'vehieles, particularly when they are beingdriven 'over land having an uneven surface, are subject to distortion; The driving trains cf the'vehi'cles, under suchdistortion, aresubject to breakage. ii yieldingmeans. are not provided. in the power trains. Itis accordingly anobject of ray-.invention to provide animproved power train inra vehicleof this typehaving a plurality of properlyiplaced Vuniversal joints for preventing -Wrack-- ingranddistortionof Icavrisor4 thedriving train .Qfftthe vehicle when thevehicle -as a-wholeis distorted further object of my invention to provide a power` train in such a vehicle whereby both of the bilge pumps may be driven by a single engine of the vehicle when the other engine is inoperative due to any reason.

The invention consists of thenovel constructions, arrangements and devices to be hereinafter described and claimed for carrying out the above stated objects and such other objects as will appear from the following description of a certain preferred embodiment illustratedin the vaccompanying drawings, wherein: Y

Fig. l is a side elevational view of an amphib-` ian cargo carrier embodying the principles of the invention, certain portions of the carrier being broken away for the illustration of certain internal parts of the carrier;

Fig. 2 is a sectional view taken on line 2-2 of -Fig'. l.;

Fig. 3 is a sectional viewvof the controlled differential transmission located in the front of the cargo carrier; and

Fig. 4 is a diagrammatic illustration of a control arrangement which may be used with the transmissions connected directly behind each of the motors of the vehicle for automatically rcontrolling the transmissions.

Like characters of reference designate like parts in the several views.

The illustrated amphibian cargo carrier comprises a hull Ill on opposite sides of which are disposed movable tracks II and I2. The hull I0 is substantially water-tight so that the vehicle may function as a boat, and the hull is of such a rigid construction that the vehicle may function similarly to a military tank to runover uneven ground without being permanently distorted out of shape. The tracks Il and I2 are disposed on i 1he, vehi,cle.inr the formof vloops and are held in such configurations by driving sprockets I3, idlers I4, lbogie wheels I5 and rollers I6. The driving sprockets I3 are adjacent the bow of the vehicle and are each driven by motors in the vehicle as will be hereinafter described, and the idlers I4 are on the stern of the vehicle and are preferably adjustable by any suitable means (not shown) to take up any slack in the tracks I I and i2 as may be desired. The rollers i6 are on fixed axes with respect to the vehicle, and the bogie wheels I5 on the bottom of the vehicle are yieldably fixed with respect to the vehicle by suitable spring mountings Il which permit the wheels I3 to move toward or away from the hull Ii] when the vehicle is driven over rough ground. The spring mountings for the bogie wheels'IE may be of the construction shown in a co-pending application of C. E. Swenson, Serial No. 513,433, filed December 8, 1943, and which issued February 24, 1948, Patent No. 2,436,381. The tracks II and i2 are of the articulated type and have lugs I8 Xed thereto. The lugs- I8 function when the vehicle is in the water and the tracks are driven by the sprockets I3 to propel `the vehicle through the water, and the lugs I8 func'- fin 4 tion, when the vehicle is on land, to provide a firm grip with the ground for propelling the vehicle over land.

A pair of motors I9 and 20 is provided in the vehicle for driving the tracks iI and I2. The motors are disposed in sponsons 42l and 22 in the sides of the vehicle, and these sponsons are surrounded by the tracks il and l2 respectively, as may be seen from an inspection of the drawings. The motors I9 and 2D have mounted thereon transmissions 23 and 24, respectively, and these transmissions are connected with driven shafts 25'and 26, respectively. The shafts 25 and 26 are rotatably disposed in bearings 2l fixed with respect to the hull I0, and the shafts are connected with right angle drive units 28 and 29, respectively.' The right angle drive units 28 and 29 are connected by means of shafts 3|) and 3i, respectively, with a combined two-speed transfer unit and controlled differential transmission 32 which will be hereinafter described in greater detailf The transmission 32 is connected by means ofshafts 33 and`34 with final gear drive units 35 and 36, respectively, whichfunction to drive the sprocket wheels i3 on opposite sides of the vehicle. Inasmuch as the mot-ors I9 and 20 and the transmissions 23 and 24 associated therewith are on opposite sides of the vehicle, Athe motors andV transmissions balance each other. The motors and-transmissions furthermore are located quite Iadjacent the stern of the vehicle while the transmission 32 along with the nal gear drives 35 and 36 is located adjacent the bow of the vehicle, andthe bow and stern of the vehicle are also-'substantially balanced whereby the center of gravity of the vehicle is substantially at th-e center of the vehicle.

The motors I 9 and 20 are of any suitable internal combustion type.` The transmissions 23 and24 are of any suitable Atype and preferably providethree or four different speed ratios in forward drive, a neutral condition,l and at least a single ratio 'in reverse drive.' 'Ihe power shafts 25 and 2B each consists cfa plurality of shaft sections; thev shaft 25 consistsof the sections 25a and 251),'and theshaft 25 consists of the shaft sections 26a and 2Gb. rIfhe* shaft section 25a is provided with.' universal joints v 31 and 38 connect-v ing the shaft section with the transmission 23 and the shaft section 25h, respectively. The shaft section 26a is provided with similar universal joints 39 and 43 connecting the shaft section with the transmission 24 and the shaft section 23h. The shaft sections 25h and 2Gb are provided with universal joints 4I and 42, respectively, which connect the shaft sections with the right angle drives 28 andl 29, respectively. vThe transmissions 23 and 24 and the driven shafts 25 and 26 function to transmit drives fromthe motors I3 and 20 tothe right angle drives 423 and 29, and the universal joints in the two; driven shafts function to allow movement of the various parts of each shaft with respectfto each other, as is apparent.

The right angle drive 28 comprises a bevel gear 43 which is in mesh with a somewhat larger bevel gear 44. The bevel gear 43 is driven by the power shaft 25 and universal joint-4I, as is apparent from the drawings. The right angle gear drive 29 is similar to the right angle drive 23. The shaft 30 is provided with a pair of universal joints 45 and 46 on its ends, and the s haft 3l is provided with a pair of universal joints 41 and 48 on its ends. The gear 44 in the right angle drive 28 is connected with the' universal Yjoint 45 to drive the shaft 30, andA the right Vvangle drive 29 functions similarly to- -drive the shaft'A 315; The

transmission mechanism 32",*andV the-'universaljointsv allow relative movement between the gearl drives 28and- 2 9land thetrarismissionunit 32`-with distortion of the-hull IG and? thereby' -preventf wracking and distortion ofl the shaftsSU-fand 3l.

rIfhe transmission unit 3241 comprisesa casing:

llin which is journalled a shaft 50\ and a ysleevelike member 5i splined to the shaft 50i ThelshaftE lis connected with'the universali joints 461i and 48= and thereby with the-shafts: 3U and 3l". A.

pair of gearsiand. 53arev rotatably disposedon the sleeve 5i... A clutch sleeve 54 islsplined on theA sleeve 5i to. be. slidably. and. non-rotatably.; dis-'-l posed thereon,- andthe-gears. 52 and. 53 areprovided; withiclutchzteeth. 55.. and; 56.` respectively,

which are` adaptedatog-mesnwith. the splines in the" clutch sleeve 5115, when thelatter is v'moved in one direction or. the. other.. and 53 may be thus positively coupled with the sleeve 5i and thereby with the shaft. 50.

A pair of shafts51-and 58.is journalled in the casing 49. rihe shafts 51 and 58-'have-splined` on their ends gears 59v and 60, respectively. A gear carrier element 6l is journalled-in the casing 49, and the element 6I extends about and provides journals for the gears 59 and 5U, as shown, The element 6| carries and has xed thereto a ringA gear 52. which is in mesh withy the gear 52, and the element 6|, carries and hasxed thereto agear 63m which is in mesh with the gear 5?.` A pair of shafts 6d and 55 is carried by andjournalled in the carrier element 6 I'. Elongated planet gears 65 and 61 are fixed on the shafts 6.4. and55 respectively, andthe shafts .and gears are so. ar-` ranged that the gears 66 and 61; mesh `with Igears 59 and 60, respectively, and also with each other. Gears 58 and 69 are fixed respectively to the shafts 64' and 55 on outer ends thereof. rIhe gear. 68`is in mesh with a gear 1ll`j`ournalled on the car-v rier element 5l', and the gear 69 is in mesh with a gear 1l also journalled on the carrier element 6I; The gear 10 is connected with a brake 12;;and the gear 1l lis, connected with a brake 13; as shown, whereby the gears 10 and 1l may be arrestedin rotation.-y Anysuitable actuating'means (not shown)` for-thev brakes 12 and 13` may be provided;

The gear carrier element BI may` be drivenat either of two different speed 1atiosfromA theshaft 50. When the clutchY sleevef54- is in itsneutral position out of engagement with either the-teeth 55 or 53, yin whichvposition itis shown inFig. 3, no'power is of course transmitted f-romthev shaft 50..to the carrier elementl If the clutchA sleeve 54 is moved to interengage with thefteeth' 56, the carrier4 element 5i is` drivenfI at a certain speed through the gears 53y andv 63;-and iffthe'clu't-ch element 54-is moved in 'thelopposite direction to interengage with the teeth.55', then the-gearr carrier'elementl. is driven at a higher speed, as is apparent, through the gears 522Y andY 62. IfA both the brakes 12A and 137v are disengaged, the-shafts 51' andV 58 are driven at the same speedv as--the gear carrier element 6 l, when the latteris rotated', the power being transmitted through the shafts 64 and and the gears'f and 51'tothe gears 59 and-63 with 'no rotation of` the gears- 661 ands-61 withrespect. to each otherV or the `.gears- 59" andl 601. If; however, the brake 12isengagedtto hold the gear 1B'. stationary, the: gear 632 and.` thereby. the shaft .Maand-.gear 66::.are rotated-.due tolvthe Either: of. the gears. 52j;

Gf rotation offvthe .carriera elementI G-i liiep-to'wthe relativerdiameters-off the gears 10p-685662 and 51%," thelgear 59v andl therebythe shafts' 51 are rotatedl atly a less speed than` :the l carrier elements Gil-M while the' gear# Guiand-the shaf-ti 582fare-rotatedA atf anY increasedj speed. Similarly;` ifi-` the `brake-132ir isv engaged@l while Athebrake y1 2 isf disengaged, then' thelsliaft 51l-'isrotatedi at a. :great-er: speed whilei the shaft; 58 isfrotatedfatf a1 lesser: speed-L than. theL speed".offthegearcarrier'element Slt-. I't'willlthns beaapparent: thatv the gears 521' and- 531 andi the clutclifelementwElimay be iutilized for' driving the shafts 515 andi ."sl'attvvoL different speed-ratios andthat the brakesl 11'25 andL 13 may be utilized forrotating eitherfof thehshafts. 51T- and -58iat a greater speed@ than the other :oft-he shafts.-

The shaft 33I is-V providedwith universal :joints 14ll and 15on.-its ends-fandatheshaft 3`4`is providedi withuniversal joints 16 Landi-'1112' Ioni-fits;fen'dsf.

' Thesef-jointsf function, yasis apparenmto Iper-mit relativefm-ovement'- between [the y transmission 3.21 and= the finalgear drives y35 and 35i dueJ tovdistoldv`4` tion --of -thefhul1= II 3. I Thedinal gear drive- 35-icom'- prises a spur=gear 18'- xed to'la shaft-1-9 which isin-'meshwitha gear-80 whichisiixeditofa shaft 8511; The shaft' has fixedthereon.theV sprocket |3?Ionthe sideJof-thevehicle onwhichthe finalgeardriveA 35=i`s1disposedg4 and the sprocket is thus driven through' f the1 gears 18 and 80'; whenthe shaft 33vrotates.- The construction otntlnen'alI gearr drive-w 361 on the othersideaof the vehicle is similarwtof thatof' l the gear drive 35,*f1and the sprocketi il -3 'ontha s-amesideA ot the* vehicle-as the: .geardrive: 36? issimilarly driven-bv this gearr driveA l Therengines l S'andI `2() are pref erably-undervthe control'f off-a singleaccelerator-BZ; as may beseen ini 4-whichsh ovvs `diagrammaticallyv the j`interfconnectionv between the accelerator f andthe carburet'c'nrsL 83 and'8410f1the-engines=A Each-fofithe transmissions 231. and 2li)y preferably is of" such-a constructiont andy has.r such a control.l arrangeN mentassociatedl therevvitlfi-y as -tobeA under the joint Icontrol of'A the acceleratory 821iand of ak device responsive to the speed ofA the respective drivenshaft-fof the transmission; It is-contemplated that the controlarrangement foreach 'of thetransmissionsshall'fbesuch that the transmission may be downshifted-to drive the respectiveidriven shaft at' a lower speed ratiov but' with greater power either under the control of the accelerator 82 byrnoving theaccelerator toward the fully open throttle' position of the carburetors. 83'v and 84 from a less openv throttle position or. due to a decrease in speed ofthe respectivedriven. shaft of the transmission. It isfurther. contemplated that th'econtrol. arrangement for each of` the transmissions shall. be such that the transmission shallbeupshifted todrive therespective driven shaft atahigher speed. ratio-.by a movement-of the accelerator 82 in the opposite directionor by an .increasing-.speedfof the respective -drivenshaft of the-transmission;V Suchaftransmission control arrangement ,'iszshow-n by way of eXamplein-Fig. 4.

Referring toHFig. 4,-theillustrated control arrangement for the transmissions 23' and 241i includes `a movable. lever.. 85. :whichis linked. with the: acceleratorfZ; anclzwhich is also under. the controltof; a .governor fdriven by the driven shaftf25iof .thevtransmission-.Za The lever.l 851is linkedl at.` anmintermediate `point A. thereon with a transmission controlfv 81.1; which maybe Aa valve or any .other suitable deviceconnected'with-the transmission 23 for changing the speed ratio in the transmission. It is contemplated lthat the device 81 on an upward movement as seen in the gure causes an upshift in speed ratio in the transmission and conversely causes a downshift in speed ratio on a downward movement thereof. When the accelerator 82 is moved in a counterclockwisedirection as seen in the figure toward a more fully opened throttle position, the link 85 moves downwardly as seen in the figure with the accelerator and moves the control device 81 also in such direction to cause a downshift of the transmission. When the speed of` the driven shaft 25 decreases from any value, the governor 86 driven thereby functions similarly to move the lever 85 and thereby the control device 81 downwardly as seen in the figure to also cause a downshift. It will be apparent that an opposite movement of the accelerator 82 or an increase in speed of the driven shaft 25 will, conversely, cause the upshift in speed ratio in the transmission 23. A similar control arrangement for the transmission 24 may be provided including a lever 88 linked with the accelerator 82 and also acted on by a governor 89 driven by the driven shaft 26. A control device 99 for the transmission 24 which is similar to the control device 81 is acted on by the lever 88. It is contemplated that each of the transmissions 23 and 24 may be controlled by any suitable manual control (not shown) for conditioning the transmission to transmit power in its forward speed ratios and for shifting the transmission to neutral condition or reverse. A more detailed disclosure of control arrangements for transmissions and including certain refinements which arrangements are similar tothe control arrangements for each transmission herein disclosed and may be used to control the transmissions 23 and 24, as well as a disclosure of specific transmission contructions which may be used, is given in patents to W. T. Livermore, No. 2,120,104, issued June 7, 1938, and No. 2,103,- 540, issued December 28, 1937, and in an application of W. T. Livermore, Serial No. 336,704, led May 23, 1940, and which matured into Patent No. 2,399,554 on April 30, 1946. i

It will be apparent from an inspection of the drawings and particularly Fig. 2 thereof, that due to the disposition of the motors I9 and '29 and driven shafts 25 and 26 in the side sponsons of the vehicle, there is provided an unobstructed space in the center of the vehicle. This space extends between the sheet metal protective coverings 9| and 92 for the motors and the driven shafts, and it extends longitudinally of the vehicle from the protective sheet metal covering 93 for the transmission 32 and shafts 39, 3l, 33 and 34 adjacent the bow of the vehicle to the stern of the vehicle. The vehicle is provided with a substantiallyflat floor or surface 94 extending 'between the sheet metal coverings 9I and 92 and between the sheet metal covering 93 and the stern of the vehicle, and cargo may be placed on this surface in the space defined by these sheet metal coverings to be transported in the vehicle.

A gate 95 is hingedly mounted on the stern of the vehicle by means of a horizontally extending hinge and the gate is adapted to pivotally move downwardly, as is shown in dotted lines in Fig. 1. When the gate is in such a lowered position, it provides access at the stern of the vehicle into the cargo space between the motors I9 and 20 and the driven shafts 25 and 26, and the gate 95 when in such position is also adapted to function as a ramp on which cargo may be moved into thecargo space in the vehicle'.- Thel gate 95 may be rai'sed'and lowered by any suitable means.

Bilge pumps 96 and 91 are preferably provided in the vehicle for pumping out any water which may accumulate in the vehicle either from splashing over the sides or fromleakage into the Vehicle.

The bilge pumps are preferably located on oppo site sides of the vehicle as shown. The bilge pump 96 ls driven by a pulley 98 lfixed to the driven shaft 25 and a suitable belt, and the bilge pump 91 is driven by a similar pulley 99 fixed to the driven shaft 26 and belt.

Prior to operation of the vehicle, the clutch sleeve 54 is shifted to be either in mesh with the clutchr teeth 56 to provide a low range of operation or to be in mesh with the clutch teeth 55 to rprovidea high range cf operation. When the sleeve 54 has been shifted one way or the other, a depression of the accelerator 82 functions to cause a transmission of powerl from the motors I9and 28 through the transmissions 23 and 24 in their lowest speed ratios and through the driven shafts 25 and'26, the right angle drives 28 and 29 and the shafts 30 and SI to the shaft 59 of the transmission unit 32 which acts as a common driven shaft for the motors and transmissions, assuming that each of the transmissions 23 and 24 has been preliminarily conditionedfor i a transmission of power in the forward direction. Upon such a rotation of the shaft 50, the gear carrier 6I is rotated either by -means of the gears 53 and 63 or the gears 52 and 62, depending upon which way the clutch sleeve 54 has been shifted, and the shafts 51 and 58 are driven through the gears `66 and 61 and the gears 59 and 69. Power is transmitted from the shafts 51 and 58 to the driving sprockets I3 through the shafts 33 and 34 and the final gear drives 35 and 36. Upon the sprockets I3 being so driven, the tracks Il and i2 move over. the rollers I6, kthe idlers I4 and the bogie wheels I 5, and the vehicle is put in motion. The speeds of the tracks l I and I2 and the speeds of the shafts 25 and 26 are of course proportional and on increases in speed of the tracks, the transmissions 23 and 24 are upshifteddue to the functioning of the governors 86 and 89 driven by the shafts.

When the vehicle is traveling in the Water, the transmissions 23 and 24 will generally be operating in their highest speed ratio, and when the shore is approached preparatory to driving the vehicle from the water to land, the tracks I I and I2 suddenly ground, and due to thefunctioning of the governors 86 and 89 upon the accompanying sudden decrease of speed of the shafts 25 and 26, the transmissions immediately downshift to provide the extra power necessary for propelling the Vehicle up the shore and on to the land. A vehicle operator furthermore may be expected more or less unconsciously to cause the transmissions 23 and 24 to downshift when the tracks II and I2 suddenly ground by a depressing of the accelerator 82 to further open the carburetors 83 and 84 due to his desireto provide additional power for driving the tracks II vand I2. Whenv the vehicle is driven from the land into water, the trans-missions 23 and 24 under the control of the governors 86 and 89 automatically upshiftv to increase the speed of the tracks Il and I2 after the tracks cease to contact ground. Due to the provision of the transmissions 23 and 24 under the control of the accelerator and governors the transmissions are kept in their proper speed ratios, and the motors are not stalled when groundis SuddenlycOntaCted .by the .tracks,.vin.

landing'. theevehicle.

Whenit is, desired to .steer .theyehicle in either.

direction, when the vehicle is .traveling either over land or through the water, itis simply necessary to apply oneor the othery ofthe brakes 12"and 13..

respondingly increasedy and decreasedjwith the.

speedsvv of the shafts whereby the YVehicleturns in one direction or the other.

One of the motors IB'and Ztl'may` bestarted from the other motor iffdesired. This is possible due tothe connection through the trans-Y missions 23 and 24` and 'driven shafts 25 and26" with the common shaft'l When vitA is desired to so start one motor, the clutch sleeve 54 is put into its neutral position, substantially as 'shown in Fig. 3, andboth of the transmissions 23 and 24 are put into power transmitting' condition; and one of the. motors may. then function to'drivel the other throughv the transmissions23` and 24,

and the shafts 25, 26', 30, 3I'and'50." Due' also :to

this connection cfeachA of 'thefmotors with lthe shaft E,v either ofthe Abilge pumps lSll and 91k may. be driven from" a single onepfthemotors,

asfor example when one of "the motors is in inoperative condition. The powertrain` from one of the motors is.y through one ofthe shafts 25`andv 26, through the "shafts 30,'-3l and" 50" to the other one of .the shaft's125'and "26: The inoperative motor is preferably "disconnected-:due to its associated transmission 23 or '24f beingiin neutral condition when both' bilge 'pumpsareso driven, and rthe-clutch sleeve '54 may also' be in neutral position.M It willbeapparent also that' the vehicle may bel driven-by only one motor;- as when the other isdisabled,- and vin thisfcase'also the inoperative motorv is preferablyA disconnected from its driven'shaftrby having the associated transmission-23 or24inneutral condition. The power train vinA this case'is from the `operative motor through its rtransmissiony anddriven shaft, one of therightangle drives, andfone of the shafts'l'and 3| to the transmission 32,- and from thence to the tracks."

It is apparent that the-*provisionfoftwo motors located on opposite sides-of the-vehicle; rather than' a single motor `centrally-1ocatedof` the vehicle, provides an unobstructed cargo carrying surface and cargo-space lbetween the-motors yand extending substantiallyffrom thecontrolled 'differential transmissionto'thestern of thevvehicle. The gate S-acting as ya ramp permits cargo to be easilymoved into `the cargo space ofth'e vehicle withoutf'lifting the cargo over the1sid`es of the vehicle. The-cargo may bedragged-#up the ramp or it may be driven 'overl the ramprinto the'vehicle if it is selfpoweredgand the cargo may be similarlyremoved from` the vehicle. Cargo maybe particularly easily removedf` from the vehicle simply byxing thecargo withirespect to some-stationary-object*'outsidetof. the vehicle and thenfdriving theivehicleawayrfrom the fixedl object land.;thi-1s#pulling!v therscargo out ofthe vehicle'.v

Due tothe provision ofthenumerous universal joints in the Adrive'sh'aftingfof the-vehicle; Wrack-l ing and permanentrdistortionuof anyfpart `offthe driving mechanism;- ofpfthe'ivehicle does not occur due to distortion.Y of thefihu'll :l Dmasafwhole -when the vehiclexis driven-overfroughrroundl0 It will be*v apparent to those skilled 4in the art that .changes may ybe made tothe construction and arrangements shown andldescribedwithout departing from theiprinciples ofthe invention.

. In particular, it. will be. understoodthat' the transmissions. 23^`and 24' and .the arrangements for controllingthe transmissions may be other than those shown in Figi erin the Livermore patents andapplication hereinbefore referre'dto. Iwish'it therefore to be understood that my invention is not to.be limited to the speci'c con,- structions and i arrangements shown and described Aexcept only" insofar. as. the claims may beso limited.

Iclaimz.

l. In an amphibian Vehicle, the combination of movable tracksV on the exterior of the Vehicle adapted `to propel the Vehicleeither over land or through the water, a motor. in saidvehicle and connected Ltov drive said tracks, an accelerator for said motor, a transmission providing a'pluf rality Iot speed ratios and operativelyconnecte'd between said motor and saidtracls, and governor means` responsive tothe speedof saidtracls', saiditransmissionbeing. under the joint .control of 'said acceleratorand'said governor means to down-shift. the transmission when said accelerae tor is movedrtoward fully' open. throttle position orwhenthe speed of said tracks decreases'an'dto upshift".` `the transmission when' said accelerator is moved toward fullyclosedpositionA or the speed ofjsaidtracks increases; whereby when the vehicle is driven from' land to waterY orzvicel versa a proper change'in speed' ratio is provided.

2; In an' amphibianvehi'cle, the Vcombination ot'movable. tracks on the exterior ot the' vehicle adapted to. propel the. vehicle either overland or through' the water, a` pair'ofmotors infsaid've-y hicle connected in.paralle1 to'a common'shaft and connected therebylto` drive" said tracks, and a. .transmission .providing a plurality' of *f speed ratios and .operatively connected 'between 'eachof saidmotors and saidcomm'on shaft; means responsive to the speed'of the; common shaft,` said transmissions vbeing lshiftable between the' speed accelerator for controlling' the. speed of said motors,.governor means responsiveto the speed -of .said common shaft, and a transmission` pro- Viding aplurality ofispeed ratios operatively connectedbetween each of said motors and said commontshaft, saidtransmissions being shiftable'r betweerr4 speed.. ratios. under the y'jointy control of saidfaccelerator and said governorV meanssuch thaty the rtransmissions are dow'nshiftedY when the accelerator is movedtoward fully open throttle position or the speed of saidcommonshaft decreases.'v

4. In an amphibianvyehicle,y thecombination ofaipair of tracks` on vthe exterior of the vehicle on .opposite-sides thereof and adapted to propel theevehicle-either over lander through the water, a -pair offmotors in said vehicleonzopposite sides yof:v the vehicle fand connected.- in parallel with: a

common shaft and connected thereby to drive said tracks, an accelerator for controlling the speed of vboth said motors, governor means responsive to the speed of said common shaft, and a transmission providing a plurality of speed ratios and operatively connected between each of said motors and said common shaft, said transmissions being shiftable between speed ratios under the joint control of said accelerator and said governor means, whereby the transmissions are downshifted when the accelerator is moved toward open throttle position or the speed of the common shaft decreases and whereby the transmissions are upshifted when the accelerator is moved toward closed throttle position or the speed of the common shaft increases.

5. In a freight carrying vehicle, the combination of means on the exterior of the vehicle for propelling the vehicley a pair of motors in the vehicle spaced from each other and disposed adjacent opposite sides of the vehicle, means located at one end of said vehicle and operatively7 connecting said motors with said vehicle propeiling means, and means providing a substantially fiat unobstructed freight carrying surface in the vehicle extending substantially from one of said motors to the other, whereby freight may be carried thereby between the motors of `the Vehicle, and extending from said connecting means at one end of the boat to the other end of the boat whereby freight may be loaded and unloaded on the last mentioned end of the boat substantially at the level of said surface,

6. In a freight carrying vehicle, the combination of. means on the exterior of the vehiclefor propelling the vehicle, a pair of motors in the Vehicle spaced from each other and disposed adjacent opposite sides of the vehicle, and means for operatively connecting said motors with said Vehicle propelling means and including motor driven shafts spaced and extending substantially parallel to each other adjacent the sides of the vehicle and other driven mechanism located at one end of the vehicle and connecting said shafts and said propelling means, and means providing a substantially fiat unobstructed freight-carrying surface in the vehicle extending substantially from the motor and shaft on one side to the motor and shaft on the other side and from said driven mechanism at one end of the vehicle to the other end of the vehicle whereby freight may be loaded and unloaded on the last-mentioned end of the vehicle at substantially the level of said surface and the freight may be carried between said motors and shafts.

'7. In a freight carrying Vehicle, the combination of means providing a pair of sponsons on opposite sides of the Vehicle, a pair of tracks movably disposed about said sponsons, a pair of mo -tors in the vehicle, said motors being spaced and each being disposed at least partially in one of said sponsons, means operatively connecting said motors to said tracks and located at one end-of said vehicle, and means providing a freight carrying surface in the vehicle extending between said motors and from said lconnecting means at Kone end of the Vehicle to the other end of the vehicle whereby freight may be loaded and unloaded on the last-mentioned end of the vehicle at substantially the level -of said surface.

8. In ra freightV carrying vehicle, the combination of means providing a pair of hollow sidewardly extending body portions or sponsons on opposite sides of the vehicle, a pair of tracks movably disposed about said sponsons for propelling the vehicle, a sprocket for driving each of said tracks and disposed adjacent one end of the vehicle, a pair of motors in the vehicle spaced from each other and each disposed at least partially in one of said sponsons, and means for connecting said motors with said sprockets and including transmission mechanism disposed adjacent the same end of the vehicle as the sprockets and a pair of drive shafts connecting said motors and transmission mechanism andk extending substantially parallel to each other and adjacent `the sides of 'the Vehicle, and means providing la freight vcarrying surface in the vehicle so disposed and arranged'that freight may be carried lthereby between the motors and shafts and substantially from said transmission mechanism adjacent one end of the Vehicle yto the other nd of th-e vehicle whereby freight may be loaded and unloaded with respect to said vehicle substantially -atthje level of said surface at said last-mentioned end of the vehicle'.

9. Ina boat for carrying cargo, the combination of a pair of means on opposite sides ofthe boat for propelling vthe boat, va pair of motors in the boat, said motors being spaced and disposed adjacent opposite sides lof the boat whereby to balance each other, means operatively connecting saidI motors to said propelling means and located at one end of said boat, said motors and said `connecting means defining a cargo-carrying well in said boat, and means providing a substantially flat unobstructed cargocarrying surface in said well extendingbetween said motors and between said connecting means at one end of Ithe boat to the other end of the boat whereby freight may be loaded on the last-mentioned end of the boat at substantially the level of said surface.

10. In a boat for -carrying cargo, the combination of a pair of tracks on opposite sides of the boat for propelling the boat, a pair of motorsin the boat spaced from each other and disposed adjacent opposite sides of the boat, and means for connecting said motors with said Iboat `propelling means and including transmission mechanism adjacent one end of the boat and motor driven shafts connected with said motors and extending substantially parallel to each other and adjacent the sides of the boat and connected with the transmission mechanism, :said motors substantially balancing each other and being disposed between the center of the boat and its other end whereby the center of gravity of the boat is approximately at the center of the boat, and means providing a cargo carrying surface so disposed that cargo may be carried thereby between said motors and between said transmission mechanism adjacent one end of the boat and the other end of the boat, whereby freight may be loaded and unloaded with respect to the surface at said last mention-ed end of the boat substantially 4at the level of said surface.

11. In a boat for carrying cargo, the combination of means providing a pair of sponsons on opposite sides of ythe boat, a pair of tracks movably disposed about said sponsons and adapted to propel the boat through the water, -a pair of motors in the boat connected to drive said tracks, said motors being spaced and each being disposed at least partially in one of said sponsons whereby to balance each other, `and means providing a substantially flat unobstructed cargo carrying surface in the boat extending substantially from one of said motors to the other whereby cargo may be carried thereby between said motors.

12. In a boat for lcarrying cargo, the combinaencaisser:

i 1^3,v7 tion oil-a -pairof.trackson ropposite sides off-the boatandi-.adapted 11o-propel the --lo`oat 1 through Ythe Water, al pair Wofmotors rini thelboat spacedfrom' each other -andy disposed adjacent-opposite? sides of 'the boat,Y sprockets'for drivinglsaid tracks andv disposed adjacent oneendof .the boat; Iand means for foperatively connecting-l-saidmotors with 'said' sprockets and Aincluding transmission-mechanism adjacent saidfendofthevboat and connected-1to1 drive said sprocketsyandl-motor driven shafts connected with l-sai'd-"motrs` andx extendinglsubstan#y .tiallyparallel to'eachotherand-adj a'cen't thelsides of vtlfreboatiand connectediteidrivesaid-transmise sion'A mechanismgsaid 1 motorsbalancingeach'- other Ian'di'loeiiig;` sof-disposed @adjacent--the2other end-of the-boat suchl'that the-center Ofgravity? of thecboat is approximatelyat the-icenterofthe boat-y and means' providing a`cargo--carryingsur` face `Vs odis'po'sedithat cargo may `be carried thereby between said V`motors andsubstantiallyffrom said transmissionmechanisrnia-dj acont-ione lend.- of boat to 'the other end iof ithe'boatandedi'sposed l'so as tobeeasily'accessible -fro'm the outside-of'-the boatfff-or thel loadinglan'd unloadingf o'f'cargo.y

131?-l In'a boatto'marrying5 cargogth'elcombinae tion afmeting-providing alpairfof sponsons on Aop-i4 positefsides'fof-'thelboat, a pairl of ltr-aols movably dis-posed'abut said 2sponsons'"andadaptedtof-proe pel .the boat through-'the'tvateraf-pair yof motors inlthe-boa't-4 spaced "fromleach-otherl and-Teach `disposed atleast partially in one ofesaid sponsoris, La sprocket-'forl drivingeachof saidftracks and idisposed-ad-jacent r-`cr1e--encl--0f theboat means for connecting? said motors -wvithsaidsprockets-and including' 4transrnission -rr'i'ech'anismadja'cent said end of "theiboatb'af' gear redilction`-set*connected to-'d'rive veach i off' said sprockets, driveI shafts-connec-tingy said" transmission andesaid i gear#y sets,n a pair @fright i angle lgear I`drivesonfopposite'sides of the boatjv drive 'shafts' 'connectin-gsaid transmise sion mechanism -with said# right angle-1U drives; drive shafts *connecting said motors with said right angle dri-Ves and extending1 substantially'parallel to' `each :other andadj acenti-.the sides-of the"boat-, and'A meansprov-idingfa Acargo carryinigsurfacerso disposed; that `lcargo#rnay-be carried thereby *beer tween s aidf motors '--andsubstantially trema-said transmission mechanism A-ad-jacentfone endfofthe boa-.tto ftheoth'erendof the boat, said motorsb'ey ingsol disposed `on' Viopposi-teesides of the yboat 'and ad-jacentsaid iastfnamed'end vof the -boatewhereby the lcenter of `gravity of theA boat'isv 'approximately'at the centertl'iereor.l

14. In a vehicle, the combination of mea-n'sfon the` exterior' of the vehicle for lpropelling"theevel hicle,l a pairfof--motors'in the vehicle 'connected to drive said "propelling means andbeing-spaced fromfeach' other and disposed adjacent opposite sides ofA the vehicle, and transmission-mechanism disposed adjacent one-end vvof the vehic'leand opi eratively betweenV 'the' lmotors, and L thejpropelling means, means providinga substantially 'at unob'- structed lfreight vcarrying surface and "ialspace vfor freight in 'the' vehiclel betweenA thesides-of. the' ve'i hicleV and extending 'substantiallyfrom 'one lof Vsaid motors yto the Aother and from said 'transmission mechanism adjaoent'one end of the-'vehicle .to` the other vend nof' trie-vehicle Wherebyfreight maybe loadedv .and yunloaded'"with 'respect Atol lsaid lvehicle substantially at the level of said surface-,mandrel gate on said last named end-of the'vehicle for'prof viding la' passage for-loading and unloading freight on thefreightcarrying'surfacei 1 5'. In f a fvehclef, the"v combination i offra i' pair* o'f tracks on-itheexterior of the l'vehicleA on Wopposite ofmotorsin'fthevehiclecconnected to drive said tracks-1andsfbeingzi spaced* from each other' and disposed Vadjacent `opposite sidesxof the vehicle, and/transmission Amechanism disposed adjacent oneeendi-mf thezvehicle and operatively disposed b'etvve'ennthemotors and tracks, means providing afsub'stantially atunobstructed freight carrying surface aand. a space for freight in the vehicle betweensthe' fsidesrof :the vehicle and Yextending sub'stantiallyfrme one of said motors to the other andffr'om 7said; transmission mechanism adjacent onemendeofitheevehicle :to the 'other end Vofthe vehicletwhereby: :freight imay Aber loaded and unloadedfiwithurespect tofsaid vehicle substantially at the level of said surface, and a gate onsa-id lai-7t1-a-namedf end` of the? vehicle forV providing a passage forrlo'a'dingfand :unloading freight -on the fr'eightfacarryingrsurface;

165.1 anamphibianA vehicle, the :combinationoflafzpa oiwmovable tracks on; the exterior of theivehicle .onopposite sides thereof and adapted to.iprcpel-.athecvehiclefover land orfthrough the water-if a pair of;- motors in thezvehicle spaced and disposedt:adjacent`l oppositesides of `the vehicle and. connectedtoldrive said tracks',f.transmission mechanism :disposed adjacent vone end of the vehiclei and@operativelyv disposedbetween. said motors' andisaidftraclrs,H means 4providing a Sub, stantiallyziat"unobstructed freight carrying surfacef'andafspace for 'freight 'in lthe vehicle extendingqsubstantially .from onefof 'said motors to the others and -n extending-z` from` said 1 transmission mechanisinfiadjacent one. end of Vthe lvehiclefxto the'fiothenend ofsthe vehicle zwhereby freight ymay bea loaded: and i unloaded `With y.respecty to said vehiclef'-.'substantiallyv fat 'the'.level of said` surf ace, andafa'rgate `on said-last named end of the vehicle foraproviding a: passage ifor loading'an'd unloading freight lonY thevehicle and being arranged vto becsubstantially-Waterstight with therest of the vehicle` when closed.:

17:5- Inranuamphibian vehicle, the combination of na' `air-oftracksion:theexterior of the Vehicle om opposite; sides fthereofi and "adapted to propel -th'effveni'cle overfland.orthrough .the Water, `a pair ofmotorsrinthe vehiclespaced and disposed adja.- u

cent opposite-sides ofthe vehicle, a sprocket for driving eac'h'oi` saidxtracks, means for operatively `connectingssaid'f'motors and said sprockets and includingtran'smission mechanism disposed adja cent one end of the vehicle and operatively .connecte`d--'Wi-thl said sprockets and` a'pair of driven shafts-il-operatively connecting ksaid motors and nsal' ''tiansniissionlmechanism; said shafts being dis osedLsi-ibst'antially parallel to each `other and y entoppositefsides--cf the vehicle,A means pro vid-ing af-substantially 'flat unobstructedr cargo carryingifsur-face'land 4a* space for'cargo Ain the vehicle?? extending #substantially from the motor andish'a-fton one -side `to the motor and shafty on theotherLA and extending `from said transmission mechanism adjacent one end of the vehicley to theiother-endof the yvehiclewhereby freight may be lajdd 'and-unloaded" Wthrespect to said vehicle substantially-at xthe level of said surface, :indagate on-said last named end of the vehicle andpivota-llymounted with respect to the vehicle substantialiyat-th'e lower edge of the gate, said gate'when-closed providing ka Water tightseal withf respect to' the vehicle Jand when "open providingja4 rampwhereby for fa'cilely loadingy and unloading freighton 'the vehicle.

k18;.,1In'l a"= vehicle';' thev combination of means on thehexterior'*of*the'fvehic1e' on "each'side thereof for propelling the vehicle, a motor 'in the vehicle, means for operatively connecting said motor and said propelling means and including a transmission mechanism substantially equally distant from the sides of the vehicle and operatively connected with said motor and to gearing associated with and driving said propelling means, a shaft for operativelyconnecting the gearing of said propelling means on each side of the vehicle and said transmission mechanism, and a pair of universal joints on the ends of each of said shafts, one of each pair of joints being disposed between the shaft and gearing of the propelling means and the other of each pair of joints being disposed between the shaft and transmission mechanism.

19. In a vehicle, the combination of means on the exterior of the vehicle on each side thereof for propelling the vehicle, a pair of.,mtors in the vehicle spaced from each other and adjacent opposite sides of the vehicle, and means for operatively connecting the motors and said propelling means and including a transmission mechanism substantially equally distant from the sides of the vehicle, a shaft for operatively connecting said propelling means on each side of the vehicle and said transmission mechanism, and a shaft driven by each of the motors and connected to drive said transmission mechanism and a pair of universal joints provided on the ends of each of said shafts whereby to prevent distortion of said shafts as the vehicle is distorted when being driven.

20,In a vehicle, the combination of means on the exterior of the vehicle on each side" thereof for propelling the vehicle, a pair of motors in the vehicle spaced from each other and disposed y adjacent opposite sides of the vehicle, means for operatively connecting the motors and said .propelling means and including a transmission mechanism substantially equally distant' from the sides of the vehicle, a shaft for operatively connecting said propelling means on each side of the vehicle and said transmission mechanism, a right angle drive on each side of said vehicle, la shaft connecting each of said right angle drives and said transmission mechanism, a shaft connecting each of said motors with the right angle drive on the same side of the vehicle,'and a pair of universal joints on the ends of each of said shafts whereby to avoid wracking and distortion of the shafts as the vehicle is distorted: when being driven.

2l. In an amphibian vehicle, the combination of means on the exterior of the vehicle for propelling the vehicle either over land or through.

the water, a pair of motors in the vehicle spaced and disposed on opposite sides of the vehicle, means providing a power train between each yof said motors and said vehicle propelling means, said second named means including a transmission disposed substantially equally distant from the sides of the vehicle and operatively connected with said vehicle propelling means, said transmission including a common shaft connected to be driven by both of said motors, and means for selectively disconnecting either of said motors from said common shaft, either of said motors being adapted to drive and start the other motor when both of the motors areconnected to said common shaft and each of the motors being adapted alone to drive said vehicle when the other motor is disconnect-ed from the common shaft.

22. In a boat, the combination of means on the exterior of the boat for propelling the boat, a pair of motors in the boat, means providing `a power train between each of said motors yand said boat propelling means and including a shaft driven by each of said motors and driving a common shaft, a bilge pump driven by each of said rst named shaftsyand means for disconnecting each of said motors from its driven shaft, both of said bilge pumps being adapted to be driven oy a single one of said motors through said first named shafts and said common shaft.

23. In a boat, the combination of means -on the exterior of the boat for propelling the boat, a pair of motors inthe boat, means providing a power train between eachfof lsaid motors and said propelling means and including a transmission adapted to drive said propelling means and a shaft adapted to be driven by each of said motors, said transmission including a common shaft connected with each of said driven shafts to be driven thereby, means fordisconnecting said common shaft from said boat propelling means, means for disconnecting each of said motors .from its driven shaft, and a bilge pump connected to be driven by each of saidy driven shafts, both of said bilge pumps being adapted to be driven by one of said motors by means of said rstnamed shafts and said common shaft when the other motor is disconnected from. its

driven shaft and said propelling means is disconnected from said transmission. v i

f 24:.` In an-amphibian vehicle, the combination of y a pair of tracks on the exterior of the vehicle on each side thereof and adapted to propel the vehicle over land or through the Water, a .pair of motors in the vehicle spaced and disposed adjacent opposite sides of the vehicle, and means providing a lpower train between each of said motors and said tracks and including a transmission connected to drive each of said tracks `and a pair of shafts adapted to be driven byA said motors and extending substantially parallel to each other and adjacent the sides of the vehicle, said transmission including a common shaft connected to be driven by said driven shafts, a bilge pump connected to be driven by each of said first named shafts, means for disconnecting each of said driven shafts from its respective motor, and means for disconnecting said common shaft from said tracks, each of said bilge pumps being adapted to be driven by one of said motors alone when the other motor is inoperative and said tracks are stationary when said last named motor is disconnected from its driven shaft and said common shaft is disconnected from said tracks.`

25. In an amphibian vehicle, the combination of movable tracks on the exterior of the vehicle adapted to propel the vehicle either over land or through water, a pair of motors in said vehicle connected in parallel to a common shaft and connected thereby to drive said tracks, an accelerator for controlling the speed of said motors, Aand a transmission providing a plurality of speed ratios and operatively connected-between each Vof. said 17 of said hollow members having one of said engines mounted therein; means for transmitting power from said engines to said belts for driving the latter at the same or diierent speeds; and a door in one end of said hull for loading and unloading cargo.

27. An amphibian comprising: a hull; two hollow members, one of which is provided on each side of said hull; two track-laying belts, one of which is mounted about each of said hollow members; a pair of engines for driving said belts, each of said hollow members having one of said engines mounted therein; means located across one end of said hull for transmitting power from said engines to said belts for driving the latter at the same or different speeds; and a door in the other end of said hull for loading and unloading cargo.

28. An amphibian comprising: a hull; two hollow members, one of which is provided on each side of said hull; two track-laying belts, one of which is mounted about each of said hollow members; a pair of engines for driving said belts, each of said hollow members having one of said engines mounted therein; means for transmitting power from said engines to said belts; means forming a cargo well in said amphibian, having a floor; means at one end of said hull for controlling the operation of said amphibian; and a door in the opposite end of said amphibian, said door being hingedly connected to said hull substantially on the level of said floor.

29. An amphibian comprising: a hull; two hollow members, one of which is provided on each side of said hull; two track-laying belts, one of which is mounted about each of said hollow members; a pair of engines for driving said belts, each of said hollow members having one of said engines mounted therein; means for transmitting power from both of said engines to both of said belts; and means associated with each engine to disconneet said engine from said transmission when said engine fails, thereby permitting the other engine to assume the load of driving said belts without having to turn over the dead engine.

30. An amphibian comprising: a hull; two hollow members, one of which is provided on each side of said hull; two track-laying belts, one of which is mounted about each of said hollow members; a pair of engines for driving said belts, each of said hollow members having one of said engines mounted therein; means for ytransmitting power from both of said engines to both of said belts; and means associated with each engine to automatically disconnect said engine from said transmission when said engine fails, thereby permitting the other engine to assume the load of driving said belts without having to turn over the dead engine.

BENJAMIN A. SWENNES.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the le of this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 338,508 George et al Mar. 23, 1886 845,850 Carter Mar. 5, 1907 870,107 Koeb Nov. 5, 1907 881,650 Audet Mar. 10, 1908 1,317,841 Ware Oct. 7, 1919 1,459,026 Kocher June 19, 1923 1,781,656 Day Nov. 11, 1930 1,906,708 Morgan May 2,1933 1,933,873 Osman Nov. 7, 1933 2,120,104 Livermore June 7, 1938 2,133,652 Best Oct. 18, 1938 2,138,207 Roebling Nov. 29, 1938 2,268,601 Knox Jan. 6, 1942 2,307,334 Peek Jan. 5, 1943 2,309,875 Thompson Feb. 2, 1943 2,329,733 Watson Sept. 21, 1943 2,330,218 Jones Sept. 28, 1943 2,341,866 Higgins Feb. 15, 1944 2,344,730 Ramsey Mar. 21, 1944 

